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Federal HR Specialty Areas

Federal HR professionals can develop specialized skills in distinct functional areas. Some professionals advance by becoming highly skilled in only one area while others may advance by gaining skills in several.

Learn more about the competencies required to advance in each specialty area by reviewing the HR Competency Model.

  • Classification

    Classification specialists evaluate and categorize federal workforce positions. They analyze and group occupations, assign titles and grade levels, determine pay systems, and advise on classification and organizational design. 

  • Compensation

    Compensation specialists manage pay, leave, and other compensation programs, serve as experts on federal pay laws and policies, implement regulations, and advise managers on strategies to recruit and retain employees.

  • Employee Benefits

    Employee benefits specialists manage federal benefits programs, including retirement, life insurance, and health and dental coverage. They advise agencies, employees, retirees, survivors, and eligible family members on benefit eligibility and access.

  • Employee Development

    Employee development specialists support agency training and development programs by evaluating existing initiatives, designing and administering new programs, and managing organizational skilling and mission‑readiness efforts.

  • Employee Relations

    Employee relations specialists advise on federal employee relations policies, administer agency programs, and promote accountability by managing conduct, performance, attendance, and disputes.

  • HR Information Systems

    HR information systems specialists manage digital HR systems and data to ensure accuracy and reliability. They link strategic goals with data analytics and utilization. They support technologies that make work more efficient and effective.

  • Labor Relations

    Labor relations specialists build and maintain relationships with unions representing federal employees. They negotiate and administer labor agreements, advise management, and process grievances.

  • Performance Management

    Performance management specialists design and manage employee performance programs in collaboration with managers and supervisors, and support award, incentive, and recognition initiatives.

  • Recruitment, Staffing, and Placement

    Recruitment, staffing, and placement specialists assess workforce needs, post job announcements, recruit and evaluate candidates, place hires, and advise leaders on strategies to attract and retain a skilled workforce.

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